Diseases of Tomato
(Solanum lycopersicum L.)

J. P. Jones, T. A. Zitter, T. M. Momol, and S. A. Miller, collators (last update: 5/12/15)

BACTERIAL DISEASES

Bacterial canker
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Smith) Davis et al. Bacterial leaf blight
Pseudomonas viridiflava (Burkholder) Dowson Bacterial soft rot
Dickeya chrysanthemi (Burkholder et al.) Samson et al.Pectobacterium carotovorum (Jones) Waldee
     (syn. Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora [Jones]) Bacterial sour rot
Lactobacillus spp.Leuconostoc mesenteroides (Tsenkovskii) van Tieghem Bacterial speck
Pseudomonas syringae van Hall pv. tomato (Okabe) Young, Dye, & Wilkie Bacterial spot
Xanthomonas euvesicatoria Jones et al.
X. gardneri (ex Šutic) Jones et al.
X. perforans Jones et al.X. vesicatoria (ex Doidge) Vauterin et al. Bacterial stem rot
Pectobacterium carotovorum (Jones) Waldee     (syn. Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora [Jones] Dye) Bacterial wilt
Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. Pith necrosis
Pseudomonas cichorii (Swingle) StappP. corrugata Roberts & ScarlettP. fluorescens MigulaP. mediterranea Catara et al.P. viridiflava (Burkholder) Dowson Psyllid yellows and vein greening
‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ Liefting et al. Root mat
Agrobacterium radiobacter (Beijerinck & van Delden) Conn, biovar 1 Seedling blight and leaf spot
Herbaspirillum huttiense (Leifson) Ding & Yokota Syringae blight and leaf spot
Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae van Hall

FUNGAL AND OOMYCETE DISEASES

Alternaria stem canker
Alternaria alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl. f. sp. lycopersici Keissl. Anthracnose
Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) S. HughesC. dematium (Pers.:Fr.) GroveC. gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. Black mold
Alternaria alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl.A. arborescens E. G. SimmonsStemphylium botryosum Wallr.

Black mold rot
        Alternaria alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl.
               (syn. A. tenuis Nees)
        Pleospora lycopersici Marchal & É. J. Marchal
               (syn. P. herbarum [Pers.] Rabenh.)
        Stemphylium botryosum Wallr.
                (syn. Pleospora tarda E. G. Simmons)
        S. consortiale (Thüm.) J. W. Groves & Skolko
Black root rot
      Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. & Broome) Ferraris
            (syn. Chalara elegans Nag Raj & W. B. Kendr.)
Buckeye rot
        Phytophthora capsici Leonian
        P. drechsleri Tucker
        P. nicotianae var. parasitica (Dastur) G. M. Waterhouse
Cercospora leaf mold
        Pseudocercospora fuligena (Roldan) Deighton
Charcoal rot
        Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.
                (syn. M. phaseoli [Maubl.] S. F. Ashby)
Corky root rot
        Pyrenochaeta lycopersici R. Schneid. & Gerlach
Didymella stem rot
        Didymella lycopersici Kleb.
                (syn. Phoma lycopersici Cooke)
Early blight
        Alternaria tomatophila E. G. Simmons
Fusarium crown and root rot
        Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl.:Fr. f. sp. radicis-lycopersici Jarvis & Shoemaker
Fusarium foot rot
        Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. f. sp. eumartii (C. W. Carp.) W. C. Snyder & H. N. Hansen Fusarium wilt
        Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl.:Fr. f. sp. lycopersici (Sacc.) W. C. Snyder & H. N. Hansen
Gray leaf spot
        Stemphylium botryosum Wallr. f. sp. lycopersici Rotem, Y. Cohen, & I. Wahl
                (syn. Pleospora herbarum [Pers.:Fr.] Rabenh.)
        S. lycopersici (Enjoji) W. Yamam
               (syn. S. floridanum Hannon & G. F. Weber)
        S. solani G. F. Weber
Gray mold
        Botrytis cinerea Pers.:Fr.
Gray mold rot (Botrytis fruit rot)
        Botrytis cinerea Pers.:Fr.
Late blight
        Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary
Leaf mold
        Passalora fulva (Cooke) U. Braun & Crous
               (syn. Fulvia fulva [Cooke] Cif.)
Phoma rot
        Phoma destructiva var. destructiva Plowr.
                (syn. P. destructiva Plowr.)
Phytophthora root rot
        Phytophthora capsici Leonian
        P. nicotianae var. parasitica (Dastur) G. M. Waterhouse
Powdery mildew
        Leveillula taurica (Lév.) G. Arnaud
                (syns. Oidiopsis sicula Scalia; O. taurica [Lév.] E. S. Salmon)
        Oidium lycopersici Cooke & Massee
        O. neolycopersici L. Kiss
Pythium damping-off and stem rot
        Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp.
        P. arrhenomanes Drechsler
        P. debaryanum R. Hesse.
        P. myriotylum Drechsler
        P. ultimum Trow
Pythium fruit rot
        Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp.
        P. ultimum Trow
Rhizoctonia damping-off, root rot, stem rot, and stem canker
        Rhizoctonia solani J. G. Kühn
                (syn. Thanatephorus cucumeris [A. B. Frank] Donk)
Rhizoctonia foliar blight
        Rhizoctonia solani J. G. Kühn anastomosis group 3 (AG-3)
                (syn. Thanatephorus cucumeris [A. B. Frank] Donk)
Rhizoctonia fruit rot
        Rhizoctonia solani J. G. Kühn
               (syn. Thanatephorus cucumeris [A. B. Frank] Donk)
Rhizopus rot
        Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vuill.
                (syn. R. nigricans Ehrenb.)
Septoria leaf spot
        Septoria lycopersici Speg.
Sour rot (Watery rot, Geotrichum rot, Oospora rot)
        Geotrichum candidum Link
                (syns. Oidium lactis Fresen; Oospora lactis [Fresen] Sacc.)
        G. penicillatum (Carmo Sousa) Arx Southern blight
        Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.
                (syn. Athelia rolfsii [Curzi] Tu & Kimbr.)           
Target spot
        Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) C. T. Wei
Verticillium wilt
        Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berthier
        V. dahliae Kleb.
White mold 
        Sclerotinia minor Jagger
        S. sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary
Zonate leaf spot
        Hinomyces moricola (I. Hino) Narumi & Y. Harada
               (syns. Cristulariella moricola [I. Hino] Redhead; C. pyramidalis Waterman &
               R. P.  Marshall; Grovesinia pyramidalis M. N. Cline, J. L. Crane, & S. D. Cline)

NEMATODES (PARASITIC)

Lesion nematodes: Pratylenchus spp.
        P. crenatus Loof
        P. neglectus (Rensch) Filipjev & Schuurmans Stekhoven
        P. penetrans (Cobb) Chitwood & Oteifa
        P. scribneri Steiner
        P. thornei Sher & Allen
        P. vulnus Allen & Jensen
Reniform nematodes: Rotylenchulus spp.
        R. reniformis Linford & Oliveira
Root-knot nematodes: Meloidogyne spp.
        M. arenaria (Neal) Chitwood
        M. floridensis Handoo et al.
        M. hapla Chitwood
        M. incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood
        M. javanica (Treub) Chitwood
        M. mayaguensis Rammah & Hirschmann
Sting nematodes: Belonolaimus spp.
        B. longicaudatus Rau

NONINFECTIOUS DISEASES, DISORDERS, AND DAMAGE

Autogenous necrosis
        Genetic
Black shoulder
        Unconfirmed etiology
Blind plants
        Genetic
Blossom drop
        Stress conditions (prolonged temperature extremes, high relative humidity,
        excessive wind); improper nutrition; foliar diseases; insects
Blossom-end rot
        Calcium deficiency
Bull plants
        Genetic
Catface
        Cold temperatures (extreme night/day temperature fluctuations); pruning; excessive
        nitrogen
Chilling injury
        Cold temperatures
Cuticle cracking (rain check, weather check, crazing, russetting)
        Unknown (possibly, rain)
Fruit pox
        Genetic
Gold fleck
        Genetic
Graywall
        Unconfirmed etiology
Growth cracks
        Alterations in growth rate; rain; temperature fluctuations
Internal white tissue
        Potassium deficiency; high temperatures
Puffiness (boxiness, pockets)
        Improper nutrition; insufficient light; temperature extremes; wet soils; drought; auxin
        growth regulators
Spider track
        Unknown
Sunscald
        Sudden exposure to sun (after pruning, harvesting); foliar diseases; insects
Tomato little leaf
        Absorption of amino acid analogs from rhizosphere
Water wilt
        Excessive rain
Yellow shoulder (yellow top, persistent green shoulder)
        Unknown (possibly, high temperatures)
Zebra-stem
        Genetic
Zippering
        Cool temperatures

PHYTOPLASMAL DISEASES

Hoja de perejil (parsley leaf)
        Parsley leaf phytoplasma
Tomato big bud
        Tomato big bud group of phytoplasmas
Tomato yellows (TY)
        Tomato yellows phytoplasma

VIROID DISEASES

Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd)
Columnea latent viroid (CLVd)
Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd)
Tomato apical stunt viroid (TASVd)
Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd)
Tomato planta macho viroid (TPMVd)

VIRUS DISEASES

Alfalfa mosaic
        Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV)
Cucumber mosaic
        Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)
Curly top
        Beet curly top virus (BCTV)
Groundnut ringspot
        Groundnut ringspot virus (GRSV) 
Pepino mosaic
        Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV)
Picorna-like virus diseases
        Chocolate spot
                Tomato chocolate spot virus (ToCSV)
        Tomato apex necrosis / Tomato marchitez
                Tomato apex necrosis virus (ToANV) / Tomato marchitez virus (ToMarV)
        Tomato torrado
                Tomato torrado virus (ToTV)
Potato yellow vein
        Potato yellow vein virus (PYVV)
Tobacco etch
        Tobacco etch virus (TEV)
Tomato bushy stunt
        Lettuce necrotic stunt virus (LNSV)
        Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV)
Tomato chlorotic spot
        Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV)
Tomato mosaic
        Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
        Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV)
Tomato mottle
        Tomato mottle virus (ToMoV)
Tomato spotted wilt
        Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)
Tomato yellow leaf curl
        Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV)
Tomato yellow mosaic
        Tomato yellow mosaic virus (ToYMV)
Vein-banding mosaic
        Potato virus Y (PVY)
Yellow leaf disorder
        Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV)
        Tomato infectious chlorosis virus (TICV)