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A Root Disease of Pine, Araucaria, and Eucalyptus in Brazil Caused by a New Species of Cylindrocladium. Charles S. Hodges, Principal Plant Pathologist, Forest Service, USDA, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Luiza Cardoso May, Pathologist, Seccão de Fitotecnia Parasitológica, Instituto Florestal do Estado de S. Paulo, São Paulo, S. P., Brazil. Phytopathology 62:898-901. Accepted for publication 18 February 1972. DOI: 10.1094/Phyto-62-898.

Cylindrocladium clavatum sp. n. has been found associated with a root disease of Araucaria angustifolia, Eucalyptus saligna, and several species of Pinus in Brazil. The disease has been found thus far in four contiguous states in the south of Brazil, and is pathogenic to all species of Pinus planted in Brazil. Unlike most other species of Cylindrocladium, C. clavatum affects large trees up to 15 years of age. The disease is characterized by discrete circular infection centers of up to 25 trees. On Pinus spp., resin infiltration of the roots and sometimes copious resin exudation is common. Cylindrocladium clavatum is characterized by having a clavate vesicle and 1-septate, 42.1- × 4.7-µ conidia.