Controls Database​

DAVN's control database compiles a list of controls used in peer reviewed publications in plant pathogen diagnostic assays since 2011.​

The database also includes information on the control type, control target region, specificity level at which it was used, and pathogen target depending upon the pathogen, host, and assay method used in the studies. For a better understanding on the terminology and acronyms used by the database, please view the following table​.

The control type listed are PAC - Positive amplification control; PEC - Positive extraction control; NAC - Negative amplification control; NEC - Negative extraction control; IPC - Internal plant control; IC - Internal control; IAC - Internal amplification control

Select the column headers to sort A to Z and/or filter columns by one or more values. Multiple columns can be sorted/filtered at the same time. 

The search box is a single term or an AND based search.


Comments or issues, contact us​.​

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Control Type
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Open Pathogen sort and filter menu
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Pathogen Target
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ViewBacteriaPositive Extraction Control (PEC)
Infected plant extract
hrpB geneSpeciesXanthomonas gardneriTomato Pepper
hrpB gene
LAMPhttps://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091301
ViewBacteriaPositive Amplification Control (PAC)
X.gardneri culture extract
hrpB geneSpeciesXanthomonas gardneriTomato Pepper
hrpB gene
LAMPhttps://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091301
ViewBacteriaNegative Extraction Control (NEC)
Healthy plant extract
hrpB geneXanthomonas gardneriTomato Pepper
hrpB gene
LAMPhttps://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091301
ViewBacteriaNegative Amplification Control (NAC)
Non template (water)
hrpB geneXanthomonas gardneriTomato Pepper
hrpB gene
LAMPhttps://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091301
ViewBacteriaPositive amplification Control (PAC)
R. solancearum DNA
undefined from subtractive genomic analysis SpeciesRalstonia solanacearumTomato Tobacco Geranium Potato
undefined from subtractive genomic analysis
qPCR https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-14-0483-REhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-016-1091-z
ViewBacteriaNegative Extraction Control (NEC)
Healthy plant extract
undefined from subtractive genomic analysis (anonymous)SpeciesRalstonia solanacearumTomato Tobacco Geranium Potato
undefined from subtractive genomic analysis
qPCR https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-14-0483-REhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-016-1091-z
ViewBacteriaInternal Plant Control (IPC)
Solonaceous plant
cox1Plant familyRalstonia solanacearumTomato Tobacco Geranium Potato
undefined from subtractive genomic analysis
qPCR https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-14-0483-REhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-016-1091-z
ViewBacteriaPositive Extraction Control (PEC)
Infected tomato and potato extract
tyrRGenus Pectobacterium sp.Potato Tomato Pepper Tobacco Broccoli
tyrR
RPA LFDhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34275-0
ViewBacteriaNegative Extraction Control (NEC)
Dickeya sp. infected potato extract
tyrRPectobacterium sp.Potato Tomato Pepper Tobacco Broccoli
tyrR
RPA LFDhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34275-0
ViewBacteriaNegative Amplification Control (NAC)
Non template
tyrRPectobacterium sp.Potato Tomato Pepper Tobacco Broccoli
tyrR
RPA LFDhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34275-0
ViewBacteriaPositive- Extraction Control (PEC)
Infected plant extract
ABC transporter ATP‐binding protein MglA/MglC regionSpecies Dickeya spp., D. dianthicola Potato
mglA/mglC and alcohol dehydrogenase gene
qPCRhttps://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14579
ViewBacteriaPositive Extraction Control (PEC)
Infected plant extract
 alcohol dehydrogenase geneGenus Dickeya spp., D. dianthicola Potato
mglA/mglC and alcohol dehydrogenase gene
qPCRhttps://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14579
ViewBacteriaNegative Amplification Control (NAC)
Non template (water)
mglA/mglC and alcohol dehydrogenase geneDickeya spp., D. dianthicola Potato
mglA/mglC and alcohol dehydrogenase gene
qPCRhttps://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14579
ViewBacteriaPositive Amplification Control (PAC)
DNA extracted from X. fastidiosa culture
PCR-16S, gyrB, ITS, RNA pol sigma factor; Real Time-PCR-16S r RNA; LAMP-16S r RNASpeciesXylella fastidiosaBlueberry
C-PCR-16S, gyrB, Unique genomic region, RNA pol sigma facto; Real Time-PCR-16S r RNA; LAMP-16S r RNA
C-PCR, Real-time PCR, LAMP, DAS-ELISA and RPAhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221903
ViewBacteriaNegative Amplification Control (NAC)
Non template (water)
PCR-16S, gyrB, ITS, RNA pol sigma facto; Real Time-PCR-16S r RNA; LAMP-16S r RNAXylella fastidiosaBlueberry
C-PCR-16S, gyrB, Unique genomic region, RNA pol sigma factor; Real Time PCR-16S r RNA; LAMP-16S r RNA
C-PCR, Real-time PCR, LAMP, DAS-ELISA and RPAhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221903
ViewBacteriaPositive Extraction Control (PEC)
Infected plant extract
hopZ3 gene and PPHGI-1-like genomic islandPathovarPseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiaeKiwifruit
hopZ3 gene and PPHGI-1-like genomic island
PCRhttps://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-12-0590-RE
ViewBacteriaNegative Extraction Control (NEC)
Sterile water injected plant extract
Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiaeKiwifruit
hopZ3 gene and PPHGI-1-like genomic island
PCRhttps://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-12-0590-RE
ViewBacteriaNegative Amplification Control (NAC)
Non template (water)
Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiaeKiwifruit
hopZ3 gene and PPHGI-1-like genomic island
PCRhttps://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-12-0590-RE
ViewBacteriaPositive Extraction Control (PEC)
Infected young apple plant extract
 histidine-tRNA ligase gene SNPSpeciesErwinia amylovoraApple
histidine-tRNA ligase gene SNP
LAMP https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-020-00644-w
ViewBacteriaPositive Amplification Control (PAC)
DNA isolated from E. amylovora in vitro bacterial cultures
 histidine-tRNA ligase gene SNPSpeciesErwinia amylovoraApple
histidine-tRNA ligase gene SNP
LAMP https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-020-00644-w
ViewBacteriaNegative Amplification Control (NAC)
Non template (water)
Erwinia amylovoraApple
histidine-tRNA ligase gene SNP
LAMP https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-020-00644-w
ViewBacteriaPositive- Extraction Control (PEC)
Infected tomato plant extract
ATP-dependent DNA helicase (recG)Species Xanthomonas euvesicatoriaTomato Pepper
ATP-dependent DNA helicase (recG)
LAMP  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-32295-4
ViewBacteriaNegative Extraction Control (NEC)
Non-infected plant extract
ATP-dependent DNA helicase (recG)Xanthomonas euvesicatoriaTomato Pepper
ATP-dependent DNA helicase (recG)
LAMP  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-32295-4
ViewBacteriaNegative Amplification Control (NAC)
Non template
ATP-dependent DNA helicase (recG)Xanthomonas euvesicatoriaTomato Pepper
ATP-dependent DNA helicase (recG)
LAMP  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-32295-4
ViewBacteriaPositive Amplification Control (PAC)
Plasmid containing Phage related genomic region of Las
Phage-related genomic region of LasSpeciesCandidatus Liberibacter asiaticusCitrus 
Phage related genomic region of Las
LAMPhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2014.10.026
ViewBacteriaNegative Extraction Control (NEC)
Uninfected citrus plant extract
Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticusCitrus 
Phage related genomic region of Las
LAMPhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2014.10.026
ViewBacteriaNegative Extraction Control (NEC)
Healthy citrus
RNR β -subunit nrdBSpeciesCandidatus Liberibacter asiaticusCitrus 
RNR β -subunit nrdB
Real-time PCRhttps://doi.org/10.1038/srep39020
ViewBacteriaNegative Amplification Control (NAC)
Non template
Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticusCitrus 
RNR β -subunit nrdB
Real-time PCRhttps://doi.org/10.1038/srep39020
ViewBacteriaPositive Extraction Control (PEC)
DNA extract from PMA treated/untreated X. fragariae cells
RAPD markerSpeciesXanthomonas fragariaeStrawberry
RAPD marker
qPCR https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-19-2248-RE
ViewBacteriaNegative uninfected plant extract (NEC)
Healthy petiole tissue
RAPD markerSpeciesXanthomonas fragariaeStrawberry
RAPD marker
qPCR https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-19-2248-RE
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