MYCOJEOPARDY - 2000 version

Categories: Together Again, Stalking the Wild Mushroom, Stalking the Wild Mushroom II, Commercial Production, Human Diseases, Human Diseases II, Medicinal Mycelium, Delightful Insightful & Frightful, Lots of Rots, Keep Your House Wood Good, Don’t Bug Me, Potluck

$100 These organisms are symbiotic unions between algae and fungi.

LICHENS

$200 Lichens are sources of this chemical which can be used to determine pH.

LITMUS

$300 Roots of most plants are infected with fungi to form these beneficial structures.

MYCORRHIZAE

$400 Mycorrhizae benefit plants in these two ways.

PROTECTION FROM ROOT PATHOGENS

INCREASED ABSORBTION OF WATER/NUTRIENTS

INTERPLANT TRANSFER OF WATER AND NUTRIENTS

$500 These tiny, scale-like fragments of a lichen body, containing both fungal and algal partners, are important means for wind dissemination of the lichen to new sites.

SOREDIA

$100 Make one of these by placing a mushroom cap right side up on black or white paper and covering the cap with a container to minimize air flow around it.

SPORE PRINT

$200 As long as these spherical fruiting bodies are white inside, they’re OK to eat.

PUFFBALLS

$300 These tasty, springtime mushrooms have a hollow stem and variably-shaped cap; they’re related to the cup fungi.

MORELS

$400 Mushrooms should be dug rather than picked to be sure whether or not this cup-like structure is present at the base of the stem.

VOLVA

$500 Mushrooms in this group must be eaten the day they’re collected or they’ll “melt”.

INKY CAPS

$200 This structure, draped on the stem of a mushroom, forms when a membrane covering the gills breaks.

RING/ANNULUS

$400 These tasty fungi grow completely underground and depend on “nosey” animals to dig them up and disperse the spores

TRUFFLES

$600 Mushroom hunters are advised not to put their booty in these because growth of noxious bacteria and secondary fungi is likely.

PLASTIC BAGS

$800 Boletes or cepes have this unique feature to separate them from most other mushrooms.

TUBES RATHER THAN GILLS

$1000 Mushrooms in this genus vaguely resemble morels. Many people eat them; some have been killed by them.

GYROMITRA

$200 This material is the major ingredient in compost used for commercial mushroom production.

HORSE MANURE/”STRAW BEDDED RACETRACK MATERIAL”

$400 Mycelium grown on grain and used to inoculate compost.

SPAWN

$600 The process of overlaying colonized compost with another, low-nutrient medium to stimulate fruiting is called this.

CASING

$800 Two kinds of mushrooms other than Agaricus bisporus currently grown “in captivity” for and sold to the general public.

SHIITAKE

OYSTER MUSHROOM

ENOKI

BEAR’S HEAD

$1000 Two variations of the common store mushroom selected for slightly more robust flavor.

CREMINI

PORTOBELLO

$100 This disease got its name because some thought it looked like a lesion caused by a creature burrowing under the skin.

RINGWORM

$200 Feces of these animals are substrates for fungi that cause some serious respiratory diseases.

BIRDS

$300 Increased international travel, increased use of immunosuppressant drugs and an aging population have contributed to this.

INCREASED MORTALITY FROM MYCOSES

$400 A fungus disease common in the southwest U.S., caused by a soil-borne fungus that is inadvertently inhaled by its victims.

VALLEY FEVER, COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS

$500 A fungus of this type can grow in two distinctly different morphological forms. Candida albicans is an example.

DIMORPHIC

$200 A fungus disease occasionally contracted by gardeners and horticulturists who work with unsterile peat moss.

SPOROTRICHOSIS

$400 Antifungal drugs for human use have unpleasant side effects for this reason.

SIMILARITY IN PHYSIOLOGY BETWEEN MAMMALIAN AND FUNGUS CELLS

$600 This antifungal drug got its name because its discoverers worked for the New York State Department of Health.

NYSTATIN

$800 This was the first antifungal drug discovered. Oddly enough, it is produced by a fungus.

GRISEOFULVIN

$1000 About 8 different species of Aspergillus have been implicated in potentially serious diseases of this human organ.

LUNG (ASPERGILLOSIS)

$100 When this English scientist noticed that one of his contaminated bacterial cultures had died, he began a course of scientific discovery that would eventually net him a share of the Nobel Prize.

ALEXANDER FLEMING

$200 Howard Florey and Ernst Chain led this large group of scientists collectively named after the university they worked at.

OXFORD TEAM

$300 A USDA lab in this city provided new strains of Penicillium and a method for producing increased quantities of penicillin.

PEORIA, IL

$400 This fungus is reported to have medicinal properties and is a favorite of herbal apothecaries, especially in the Far East.

REISHI

$500 As the penicillin story unfolded, scientists began looking for other organisms that produced beneficial drugs and found this group of microbes to be particularly rewarding.

ACTINOMYCETES

$100 This finance journalist turned mycophile was a pioneer in the study of mushrooms and their role in cultural evolution.

R. GORDON WASSON

$200 This branch of mycology deals with the role of fungi in the evolution of civilizations.

ETHNOMYCOLOGY

$300 This Harvard psychology professor was so impressed with the powers of hallucinogenic mushrooms, that he began experimentation with them and was eventually “let go” for his excesses.

TIMOTHY LEARY

$400 This man theorizes that ingestion of hallucinogenic mushrooms gave some primates selective advantages, resulting in the evolution of humans and their social order.

TERRANCE MCKENNA

$500 Some people argue that hallucinogenic properties of the Fly Agaric caused primitive peoples to revere it as this central figure in ancient Hindu writings.

SOMA

$100 The very first thing that must happen before decay of standing, living trees can possibly occur.

WOUND TO EXPOSE WOOD

$200 These fungi precede decay fungi on wounded trees. They do not decay wood but they may discolor it.

PIONEER FUNGI

$300 Fungi that decay trees are usually representatives of this broad taxonomic group.

MUSHROOMS, BRACKET FUNGI, BASIDIOMYCETES

$400 This person is credited with developing our current day concepts of compartmentalization of decay in trees.

ALEX SHIGO

$500 These are three indicators of decay in a standing tree.

SEE A CAVITY

SEE ONE OR MORE FRUIT-BODIES

SEE A SEEDLING GROWING IN A BRANCH CROTCH

$200 Wood cannot rot unless it is this.

WET

$400 Building codes require new houses to have one of these in each bathroom to minimize chances for moisture accumulation - thus, decay.

FAN

$600 These two species of trees are noted for their decay resistant wood.

REDWOOD

WHITE OAK

CHESTNUT

BLACK LOCUST

$800 After a tree is wounded, barrier zones to the progress of discoloration and decay form in the tree. This is the strongest barrier zone.

THE ONE CREATED AS WOOD GROWS IMMEDIATELY AFTER

WOUNDING.

$1000 The most commonly used wood preservative for use in and around homes. The green stuff on treated wood.

CHROMATED COPPER ARSENATE (CCA)

$200 These South American insects cultivate fungi by collecting leaves from forest plants and carrying them to underground nests.

LEAF CUTTER ANTS

$400 Cornell scientists have recently discovered that a fungal parasite of these forest and shade tree pests has promise as a biocontrol agent.

GYPSY MOTH

$600 This is an example of a fungus-caused plant disease that is spread by insects.

DUTCH ELM DISEASE, OAK WILT

$800 Constricting rings, sticky nets, and lethal lollipops characterize fungi designed to trap these soil serpents.

NEMATODES

$1000 These insects inoculate trees with fungi as they lay their eggs because their young can’t eat wood; they can eat fungi.

AMBROSIA BEETLES

$200 Because lichens have no roots and get virtually all of their nourishment from the atmosphere, they are sensitive indicators of this.

AIR POLLUTION

$400 This is the Latin name of the common button mushroom which is sold in grocery stores.

AGARICUS BISPORUS/BRUNNESCENS

$600 Inky caps plus alcohol induce symptoms like those caused by this drug.

ANTABUSE®

$800 Wasson first studied hallucinogenic mushroom use in this country.

MEXICO

$1000 Poisonous Amanitas (other than the Fly Agaric) have this effect on the human body.

INHIBIT RNA POLYMERASE