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Holdover Inoculum of Pseudomonas syringae pv. alisalensis from Broccoli Raab Causes Disease in Subsequent Plantings

Uniform plots of broccoli raab (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa) seedlings were inoculated with a rifampicin-resistant strain of Pseudomonas syringae pv. alisalensis, the causal agent of bacterial blight on crucifers, resulting in 100% disease incidence in mature plants. Diseased plants were incorporated into the soil at maturity and smaller replicated plots were replanted at various times after incorporation. Rifampicin-resistant fluorescent pseudomonads with rep-PCR profiles identical to P. syringae pv. alisalensis were isolated from lesions on plants grown in soil into which the first diseased crop was incorporated. Disease incidence declined in mature plants as the length of time between incorporation of the first planting and seeding of the replanted plots increased. Bacterial population levels in soil decreased over time and bacteria were no longer detectable 3 weeks after incorporation of the diseased crop. In laboratory tests, population levels of P. syringae pv. alisalensis decreased in untreated soil but not in autoclaved soil. Greenhouse studies demonstrated a direct correlation between population levels of P. syringae pv. alisalensis applied to soil and disease incidence in seedlings. However, the decline in bacterial populations in field soils did not wholly account for the decline in disease incidence with subsequent plantings.