In 1922, a serious virus disease affecting wheat emerged and spread rapidly into the Central Great Plains (CGP) of the United States. Today, wheat streak mosaic (WSM), caused by wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), is considered the most important disease issue in Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas wheat production. Studies conducted at the University of Nebraska were instrumental in defining the etiology and management tactics for WSMV in Nebraska and elsewhere in the CGP.