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Comparison of Muscodor albus Volatiles with a Biorational Mixture for Control of Seedling Diseases of Sugar Beet and Root-Knot Nematode on Tomato

February 2007 , Volume 91 , Number  2
Pages  220 - 225

E. Grimme and N. K. Zidack , Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman 59717-3150 ; R. A. Sikora , Inst. für Pflanzenkrankheiten, University of Bonn, Nussallee 9, 53115 Bonn, Germany ; and G. A. Strobel and B. J. Jacobsen , Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman 59717-3150



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Accepted for publication 19 September 2006.
ABSTRACT

A biorational synthetic mixture of organic components mimicking key antimicrobial gases produced by Muscodor albus was equivalent to the use of live M. albus for control of seedling diseases of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) caused by Pythium ultimum, Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2, and Aphanomyces cochlioides. The biorational mixture provided better control than the live M. albus formulation for control of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). The biorational mixture provided control of damping-off equal to a starch-based formulation of the live fungus for all three sugar beet pathogens, and significantly reduced the number of root-knot galls on tomato roots compared with a barley-based formulation. Rate studies with the biorational mixture showed that 2 and 0.75 µl/cm3 of soil were required to provide optimal control of Rhizoctonia and Pythium damping-off of sugar beet, respectively. Five microliters of biorational mixture per milliliter of water was required for 100% mortality in 24 h for Meloidogyne incognita in in vitro studies. In in vivo studies, 1.67 µl of the biorational mixture/cm3 of sand resulted in fewer root-knot galls than a Muscodor albus infested ground barley formulation applied at 5 g/liter of sand.


Additional keywords: biological control, biorational formulation, soil fumigation

© 2007 The American Phytopathological Society