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Diseases of Barley
(Hordeum vulgare L.)

Don E. Mathre, primary collator (last update 8/30/00)

BACTERIAL DISEASES

Black chaff and bacterial streak

Xanthomonas translucens pv. translucens (ex Jones et al., 1917) Vauterin et al. 1995

Bacterial kernel blight

Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae van Hall 1902

Bacterial leaf blight

Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae van Hall 1902

Bacterial stripe

Pseudomonas syringae pv. striafaciens (Elliott 1927) Young et al. 1978

Basal glume rot

Pseudomonas syringae pv. atrofaciens (McCulloch 1920) Young et al. 1978

FUNGAL DISEASES

Anthracnose

Colletotrichum graminicola (Ces.) G. W. Wils.

    Glomerella graminicola Politis [teleomorph]

Barley stripe

Drechslera graminea (Rabenh.) Shoemaker

Cephalosporium stripe

Hymenula cerealis Ellis & Everh.

= Cephalosporium gramineum Nisikado & Ikata in
    Nisikado et al.

Common root rot, crown rot and seedling blight

Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker

Fusarium culmorum (Wm. G. Smith) Sacc.

F. graminearum Schwabe

    Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch [teleomorph]

Downy mildew

Sclerophthora rayssiae Kenneth et al.

Dwarf bunt

Tilletia controversa Kuhn in Rebenh.

Ergot

Claviceps purpurea (Fr.:Fr.) Tul.

    Sphacelia segetum Lev. [anamorph]

Eyespot

Pseudocercosoporella herpotrichoides (Fron) Deighton

    Tapesia yallundae Wallwork & Spooner [teleomorph]

Halo spot

Pseudoseptoria donacis (Pass.) Sutton

= Selenophoma donacis (Pass.) R. Sprague & A.G. Johnson = Septoria donacis

Kernel blight = black point

Alternaria spp.

Arthrinium arundinis Dyko. & Sutton

    Apiospora montagnei Sacc. [teleomorph]

Cochliobolus sativus (Ito & Kuribayashi) Drechs. Ex Dastur

Fusarium spp.

Leaf spot

Ascochyta hordei K. Hara (United States, Japan)

A. graminea (Sacc.) R. Sprague & A. G. Johnson

A. sorghi Sacc.

A. tritici S. Hori & Enjoji

Net blotch

Drechslera teres (Sacc.) Shoemaker

    Pyrenophora teres Drechs. [teleomorph]

Net blotch (spot form)

Drechslera teres f. maculata Smedeg.

Powdery mildew

Erysiphe graminis DC. f. sp. hordei Em. Marchal

= Blumeria graminis (DC.) E. O. Speer

    Oidium monilioides (Nees) Link [anamorph]

Pythium root rot

Pythium spp.

P. arrhenomanes Drechs.

P. graminicola Subramanian

P. tardicrescens Vanderpool

Rhizoctonia root rot

Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn

    Thanatephorus cucumeris (A. B. Frank) Donk
    [teleomorph]

Rusts

    Crown rust

Puccinia coronata Corda

    Leaf rust

Puccinia hordei Otth

    Stem rust

Puccinia graminis Pers.:Pers.

    Stripe rust = yellow rust

Puccinia striiformis Westend.

Scab = head blight

Fusarium spp.

F. graminearum Schwabe

Scald

Rhynchosporium secalis (Oudem.) J. J. Davis

Septoria speckled leaf blotch

Septoria passerinni Sacc.

Stagonospora avenae f. sp. triticea T. Johnson

Sharp eyespot

Rhizoctonia cerealis Van der Hoeven

    Ceratobasidium cereale D. Murray & L. L. Burpee

    [teleomorph]

Smuts

    Covered smut

Ustilago hordei (Pers.) Lagerh.

    False loose smut

Ustilago avenae (Pers.) Rostr.

= U. nigra Tapke

    Loose smut

Ustilago tritici (Pers.) Rostr.

= U. nuda (C. N. Jensen) Rostr., nom. nud.

Snow molds

    Gray snow mold = Typhula blight

Typhula incarnata Fr.

T. ishikariensis Imai

    Pink snow mold = Fusarium patch

Microdochium nivale (Fr.) Samuel & I. C. Hallett

= Fusarium nivale (Fr.) Sorauer

    Monographella nivalis (Schaffnit) E. Müller [teleomorph]

    Speckled snow mold

Typhula idahoensis Remsberg

Snow rot

Pythium iwayamai Ito

P. okanoganense Lipps

P. paddicum Harane

Snow scald = Sclerotinia snow mold

Myriosclerotinia borealis (Bubak & Vleugel) L. M. Kohn

= Sclerotinia borealis Bubak & Vleugel

Southern blight

Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. (India, California, Puerto Rico)

    Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) Tu & Kimbrough [teleomorph]

Spot blotch

Cochliobolus sativus (Ito & Kuribayashi) Drechs. ex Dastur

    Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker [anamorph]

Stagonospora blotch

Stagonospora avenae f. sp. triticea T. Johnson

    Phaeosphaeria avenaria f. sp. triticea T. Johnson
    [teleomorph]

Stagonospora nodrum (Berk.) Castellani & E. G. Germano

= Septoria nodorum (Berk.) Berk. in Berk. & Broome

    Phaeosphaeria nodorum (E. Muller) Hedjaroude
    [teleomorph]

Take-all

Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici J. Walker

Tan spot

Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs.

= P. trichostoma (Fr.) Fuckel

    Drechslera tritici-repentis (Died.) Shoemaker [anamorph]

= Helminthosporium tritici-repentis Died.

Verticillium wilt

Verticillium dahliae Kleb. (Idaho)

Wirrega blotch

Drechslera wirreganensis Wallwork et al. (Australia)

NEMATODES, PARASITIC

Cereal cyst nematode

Heterodera avenae Wollenweber

H. filipjevi (Madzhidov) Stelter

H. latipons Franklin

Cereal root knot nematode

Meloidogyne spp.

M. naasi Franklin

M. artiellia Franklin

M. chitwoodi Golden et al.

Root gall nematode

Subanguina radicicola (Greeff) Paramonov

Root lesion nematode

Pratylenchus spp.

Stunt nematode

Merlinius brevidens (Allen) Siddiqi

Tylenchorhynchus dubius (Butschli) Filipjef

T. maximus Allen

VIRUS, VIROID, and VIRUS-LIKE DISEASES

African cereal streak

African cereal streak virus (Ethiopia, Kenya)

Barley mild mosaic

genus Bymovirus, Barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV) (Europe, Japan)

Barley mosaic

Barley mosaic virus (Japan)

Barley stripe mosaic

genus Hordeivirus, Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)

Barley yellow dwarf

genus Luteovirus, Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)

Barley yellow mosaic

genus Bymovirus, Barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) (Europe, Japan)

Barley yellow streak mosaic

Barley yellow streak mosaic virus

Barley yellow stripe

virus-like agent (Turkey)

Brome mosaic

genus Bromovirus, Brome mosaic virus (BMV)

Cereal northern mosaic = barley yellow striate mosaic

genus Cytorhabdovirus, Northern cereal mosaic virus (NCMV) (Japan, Korea, Pakistan, Siberia)

Cereal tillering

genus Reovirus, Cereal tillering disease virus (CTDV) (Italy, Sweden, Finland)

Chloris striate mosaic

genus Monogeminivirus, Chloris striate mosaic virus (CSMV) (Australia)

Eastern wheat striate

Eastern wheat striate virus (India)

Enanismo

virus like agent (Columbia, Equador)

Hordeum mosaic

genus Rymovirus, Hordeum mosaic virus (HoMV)

Oat blue dwarf

genus Marafivirus, Oat blue dwarf virus (OBDV)

Oat pseudorosette

genus Tenuivirus, Oat pseudorosette virus (Siberia)

Oat sterile dwarf

genus Fijivirus, Oat sterile dwarf virus (OSDV)

Rice black-streaked dwarf

genus Fijivirus, Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) (Japan, Korea, China, Russia)

Rice stripe

genus Tenuivirus, Rice stripe virus (RSV) (Japan, Korea, China, Russia)

Russian winter wheat mosaic

Winter wheat Russian mosaic virus (WWRMV)

Wheat dwarf

genus Monogeminivirus, Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) (Sweden, the former Soviet Union, Bulgaria)

Wheat soil-borne mosaic

genus Furovirus, Wheat soil-borne mosaic virus (SBWMV)

Wheat streak mosaic

genus Ryemovirus, Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV)

Wheat yellow leaf

genus Closterovirus, Wheat yellow leaf virus (WYLV) (Japan)

PHYTOPLASMAL DISEASES

Aster yellows

Aster yellows phytoplasma

MISCELLANEOUS DISEASES and DISORDERS

Physiological leaf spot

Unknown