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Diseases of Red Clover
(Trifolium pratense L.)

S. Diachun and E. W. Hanson, collators) (last update 3/18/93)

BACTERIAL DISEASE

Bacterial leaf spot

Pseudomonas syringae van Hall

FUNGAL DISEASES

Anther mold

Botrytis anthophila Bondartsev

(teleomorph: Sclerotinia spermophila M. Noble)

Black patch

Rhizoctonia leguminicola Gough & E.S. Elliott

Black root rot

Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. & Broome) Ferraris

(synanamorph: Chalara elegans Nag Raj & Kendrick)

Common leaf spot

Pseudopeziza trifolii (Biv.-Bern.:Fr.) Fuckel

Curvularia leaf blight

Curvularia trifolii (Kauffm.) Boedijn

Cylindrocarpon root rot

Cylindrocarpon magnusianum Wollenweb.

= C. ehrenbergii Wollenweb.

(teleomorph: Nectria ramulariae (Wollenweb.) E. Müller)

Downy mildew

Peronospora trifoliorum deBary

Fusarium root rot

Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.:Fr.

F. solani (Mart.) Sacc.

(teleomorph: Nectria haematococca Berk. & Broome)

Fusarium spp.

Leaf gall

Physoderma trifolii (Pass.) Karling

= Urophlyctis trifolii (Pass.) Magnus

Mid-vein spot

Mycosphaerella carinthiaca Jaap

Mycoleptodiscus crown and root rot

Mycoleptodiscus terrestris (J.W. Gerdemann) Ostazeski

= Leptodiscus terrestris J.W. Gerdemann

Northern anthracnose

Aureobasidium caulivorum (Kirchn.) W.B. Cooke

= Kabatiella caulivorum (Kirchn.) Karakulin

Powdery mildew

Erysiphe polygoni DC.

Rust

Uromyces trifolii-repentis Liro ex Liro var. fallens (Arth.) Cummins

Sclerotinia crown and root rot

Sclerotinia trifoliorum Eriks.

Seed mold

Alternaria alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl.

Seed rot and damping-off

Pythium debaryanum Auct. non R. Hesse

Sooty blotch

Cymadothea trifolii (C. Killian) F.A. Wolf

(anamorph: Polythrincium trifolii Kunze in J.C. Schmidt &
    Kunze)

Southern anthracnose

Colletotrichum trifolii Bain & Essary

Southern blight

Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.

(teleomorph: Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) Tu & Kimbrough)

Spring black stem and leaf spot

Phoma pinodella (L.K. Jones) Morgan-Jones & K.B. Burch

= P. trifolii E.M. Johnson & Valleau

Stagonospora leaf spot and root rot

Stagonospora recedens (C. Massal.) F.R. Jones &

J.L. Weimer

Summer black stem

Cercospora zebrina Pass.

Target spot (ring spot)

Stemphylium sarciniforme (Cavara) Whitshire

S. botryosum Wallr.

(teleomorph: Pleospora tarda E. Simmons)

Violet root rot

Helicobasidium brebissonii (Desmaz.) Donk

(anamorph: Rhizoctonia crocorum (Pers.:Fr.) DC.)

Winter crown rot

Coprinus psychromorbidus Redhead & J.A. Traquair

Phoma sclerotioides G. Preuss ex Sacc.

= Plenodomus meliloti Dearn. & Sanford

Typhula spp.

NEMATODES, PARASITIC

Bulb and stem

Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn) Filipjev

Cyst

Heterodera trifolii Goffart

Dagger

Xiphinema americanum Cobb

Lance

Hoplolaimus spp.

Lesion

Pratylenchus spp.

P. penetrans (Cobb) Filipjev & Schuurmans-Stekhoven

Pin

Paratylenchus spp.

Ring

Criconemella spp.

Root-knot

Meloidogyne spp.

M. arenaria (Neal) Chitwood

M. hapla Chitwood

M. incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood

M. javanica (Treub) Chitwood

Spiral

Helicotylenchus spp.

VIRUS DISEASES

Dwarf

Soybean dwarf luteovirus

Mosaic disease

Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV)

Alsike clover mosaic virus

Bean yellow mosaic virus

Clover mild mosaic virus

Clover yellow mosaic virus

Common pea mosaic virus

Cowpea mosaic comovirus

Croatian clover mosaic potyvirus

Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus

White clover mosaic virus

Red clover cryptovirus

Red clover cryptovirus 1 & 2

Red clover vein mosaic

Red clover vein mosaic carlavirus (RCVMV)

Ring spot

Tobacco ringspot virus

Tomato ringspot nepovirus

Streak

Tobacco streak Ilarvirus

Wisconsin pea streak virus

Wilt

Broadbean wilt fabavirus

Witches' broom

Witches' broom virus

Yellow dwarf

Potato yellow dwarf virus