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Field Transmission of Grapevine Leafroll Associated Virus 3 (GLRaV-3) by the Mealybug Planococcus citri

March 1997 , Volume 81 , Number  3
Pages  283 - 287

C. Cabaleiro , Plant Pathology, Departamento de Ingenieria Agroforestal y Producción Vegetal, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain ; and A. Segura , Plant Physiology, Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain



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Accepted for publication 9 December 1996.
ABSTRACT

The spatial distributions of grape plants with symptoms of grapevine leafroll in nine vineyards in the Galician wine-growing region Rías Baixas (northwestern Spain) were analyzed. In five, significant aggregations of diseased plants and/or disease gradients toward one of the borders of the plots constituted indirect evidence of vector transmission by a nonflying vector. From 1991 to 1995, vines from two vineyards were tested for grapevine leafroll associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In one of these vineyards, which had been virus-free when planted, GLRaV-3 was detected 3 years after planting. In the second, the incidence of GLRaV-3 increased from 33 to 83% between 1991 and 1995. The mealybug Planococcus citri was associated with the infected plants in this vineyard. GLRaV-3 was present in P. citri, and under controlled conditions this mealybug transmitted GLRaV-3 to five of five previously healthy grape plants.



© 1997 The American Phytopathological Society