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Integrating Plant Essential Oils and Kaolin for the Sustainable Management of Thrips and Tomato Spotted Wilt on Tomato

June 2008 , Volume 92 , Number  6
Pages  878 - 886

Stuart R. Reitz, USDA-ARS-CMAVE, 6383 Mahan Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA; Giuseppina Maiorino, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy; Steve Olson and Richard Sprenkel, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 155 Research Rd., Quincy, FL 32351 USA; Aniello Crescenzi, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy; and M. Timur Momol, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 155 Research Rd., Quincy, FL 32351 USA



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Accepted for publication 5 February 2008.
ABSTRACT

Thrips-vectored Tomato spotted wilt virus is one of the most devastating pest complexes affecting tomato in the southern United States and elsewhere. Field trials were conducted over 2 years to determine the effects of volatile plant essential oils and kaolin-based particle films on the incidence of tomato spotted wilt and population dynamics of Frankliniella spp. thrips. The essential oils, geraniol (a monoterpene constituent of various plant essential oils), lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) oil, and tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolii) oil, were compared with a standard insecticide treatment and an untreated control. All treatments were applied with and without kaolin, in a 5 × 2 factorial design. Although the treatments did not clearly affect the abundance of vector species, there were treatment differences in the incidence of tomato spotted wilt. When combined with kaolin, the three essential oils reduced tomato spotted wilt incidence by 32 to 51% in 2005 and by 6 to 25% in 2006 compared with the control. In both years, tea tree oil plus kaolin reduced tomato spotted wilt as well as the standard insecticide treatments. Overall, kaolin significantly increased yield by over 26% compared to treatments without kaolin. When applied with kaolin, the three essential oils produced yields similar to the insecticide standard. Therefore, naturally occurring products, such as essential oils and kaolin, could be used successfully to reduce insecticide use on tomatoes.


Additional keywords:Frankliniella bispinosa, F. fusca, F. occidentalis

The American Phytopathological Society, 2008