Authors
E. Byamukama, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln 68583;
D. L. Seifers, Kansas State University, Agricultural Research Center-Hays, Hays 67601;
G. L. Hein, Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln;
E. De Wolf, Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506;
N. A. Tisserat, Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523;
M. A. C. Langham, Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007;
L. E. Osborne, Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Brookings, SD 57006;
A. Timmerman, University of Nebraska Northeast Research & Extension Center, Norfolk 68701; and
S. N. Wegulo, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln
Abstract
Wheat curl mite (WCM)-transmitted viruses—namely, Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV), and the High Plains virus (HPV)—are three of the wheat-infecting viruses in the central Great Plains of the United States. TriMV is newly discovered and its prevalence and incidence are largely unknown. Field surveys were carried out in Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, and South Dakota in spring and fall 2010 and 2011 to determine TriMV prevalence and incidence and the frequency of TriMV co-infection with WSMV or HPV in winter wheat. WSMV was the most prevalent and was detected in 83% of 185 season–counties (= s-counties), 73% of 420 season–fields (= s-fields), and 35% of 12,973 samples. TriMV was detected in 32, 6, and 6% of s-counties, s-fields, and samples, respectively. HPV was detected in 34, 15, and 4% of s-counties, s-fields, and samples, respectively. TriMV was detected in all four states. In all, 91% of TriMV-positive samples were co-infected with WSMV, whereas WSMV and HPV were mainly detected as single infections. The results from this study indicate that TriMV occurs in winter wheat predominantly as a double infection with WSMV, which will complicate breeding for resistance to WCM-transmitted viruses.
